【大紀元2月2日訊】代表歐洲46個國家（除白俄羅斯外–Belarus）的歐洲委員會於2006年1月25日在法國斯特拉斯堡召開的全體大會上，通過了“國際譴責共產獨裁罪行之必要性”決議。歐洲是共產幽靈產生的地方，因此該決議對國際譴共產政權的罪行和維護世界人權具有歷史意義。以下是該決議的譯文及英文原文︰
歐洲委員會第1481(2006)號決議“國際譴責共產獨裁政權罪行之必要性”
一、歐洲委員會全體大會查考了關于“解析前共產獨裁體制遺留產物的標準”1096（1996）號決議。
二、曾在上個世紀統治中歐及東歐的前共產獨裁政權，以及在近年仍然執政的共產獨裁政權，都以大面積的侵犯人權為特徵，無一例外。在不同的文化中、國家和歷史階段，其犯下了不同的人權侵犯罪行。其中包括對個人和團體的暗殺及死刑，集中營的迫害致死，飢餓，驅逐流放，酷刑，奴役及其它多種形式的肢體恐嚇，基于道德和信仰基礎上的迫害，侵犯良心、思想、言論自由，侵犯媒體自由和一黨制。
三、這些罪行是在階級鬥爭的理論和無產階級專政的原則為由下進行的。這兩種理論成為“剷除”那些其認為對建設新社會有害的人的依據，諸如共產獨裁政權的敵人。受難者大多是其本國的公民。尤其是受前甦共統治的人民，其受難者的人數非常大。
四、本大會注意到，儘管共產獨裁政權犯下了很多罪行，但歐洲的一些共產黨對爭取民主做出了某些貢獻。
五、在中歐及東歐的共產獨裁政權倒台後，其罪行未被國際調查全面追蹤。更明顯的是，這些罪行的罪魁禍首，未能向民族主義分子（納粹）所犯的可怕罪行一樣，受到國際社會的審判。
六、後果為公眾對共產獨裁政權所犯的罪行缺乏認識。共產黨仍在有些國家是合法的並很活躍，甚至有些共產黨仍然沒有與過去共產獨裁政權所犯的罪行劃清界限。
七、本大會確信，對這些歷史的關注是防止將來同樣罪行發生的前提條件之一。更主要的是，確定道德和譴責這些罪行將會對教育後代起重要作用。國際社會對過去歷史所持的立場，可以成為未來行動的參考。
八、本大會尤其相信，那些受難于共產獨裁政權罪行的倖存者及其家人應該得到人們對的同情、理解和對其所受苦難的承認。
九、世界上還有共產獨裁政權的存在並仍然在繼續犯罪。對國家利益的認識不應阻止他國對現存共產獨裁政權的充分批評。本大會強烈譴責所有那些侵犯人權的罪行。
十、目前，在本委員會會員國內所進行的辯論和譴責不足以使國際社會對共產獨裁政府所犯的罪行採取明確立場。不推遲的這樣做是本會的道德義務。
十一、歐洲委員會是在國際上進行這種辯論的適合之地。所有歐洲前共產國家，除白俄羅斯（Belarus）外，如今已是本會的會員國並以捍衛人權和依法治國為其基本價值。
十二、因此，本大會強烈譴責共產獨裁政權大面積的侵犯人權的罪行，並對那些受難者表示同情、理解和其所受之苦難的承認。
十三、本大會呼籲會員國內現存的和過去的共產黨，假如還沒有做的話，重新評估共產主義的歷史和本國過去的歷史，明確的與共產獨裁政權所犯的罪行劃清界限，並對其罪行進行嚴肅的譴責。
十四、本大會相信，國際社會明確的立場將為未來的和平共處鋪平道路。希望其將會激勵世界範圍內的歷史學家，繼續從事對過去所發生事件的確定和客觀查證的研究。
──轉自《歐洲圓明網》
英文原文︰
Need for international condemnation of crimes of totalitarian communist regimes
Resolution 1481 (2006)
1. The Parliamentary Assembly refers to its Resolution 1096 (1996) on measures to dismantle the heritage of the former communist totalitarian systems.
2. The totalitarian communist regimes which ruled in Central and Eastern Europe in the last century, and which are still in power in several countries in the world, have been, without exception, characterised by massive violations of human rights. The violations have differed depending on the culture, country and the historical period and have included individual and collective assassinations and executions, death in concentration camps, starvation, deportations, torture, slave labour and other forms of mass physical terror, persecution on ethnic or religious base, violation of freedom of conscience, thought and expression, of freedom of press, and also lack of political pluralism.
3. The crimes were justified in the name of the class struggle theory and the principle of dictatorship of the proletariat. The interpretation of both principles legitimised the “elimination” of people who were considered harmful to the construction of a new society and, as such, enemies of the totalitarian communist regimes. A vast number of victims in every country concerned were its own nationals. It was the case particularly of peoples of the former USSR who by far outnumbered other peoples in terms of the number of victims.
4. The Assembly recognises that, in spite of the crimes of totalitarian communist regimes, some European communist parties have made contributions to achieving democracy.
5. The fall of totalitarian communist regimes in Central and Eastern Europe has not been followed in all cases by an international investigation of the crimes committed by them. Moreover, the authors of these crimes have not been brought to trial by the international community, as was the case with the horrible crimes committed by National Socialism (nazism).
6. Consequently, public awareness of crimes committed by totalitarian communist regimes is very poor. Communist parties are legal and active in some countries, even if in some cases they have not distanced themselves from the crimes committed by totalitarian communist regimes in the past.
7. The Assembly is convinced that the awareness of history is one of the preconditions for avoiding similar crimes in the future. Furthermore, moral assessment and condemnation of crimes committed play an important role in the education of young generations. The clear position of the international community on the past may be a reference for their future actions.
8. Moreover, the Assembly believes that those victims of crimes committed by totalitarian communist regimes who are still alive or their families, deserve sympathy, understanding and recognition for their sufferings.
9. Totalitarian communist regimes are still active in some countries of the world and crimes continue to be committed. National interest perceptions should not prevent countries from adequate criticism of present totalitarian communist regimes. The Assembly strongly condemns all those violations of human rights.
10. The debates and condemnations which have taken place so far at national level in some Council of Europe member states cannot give dispensation to the international community from taking a clear position on the crimes committed by the totalitarian communist regimes. It has a moral obligation to do so without any further delay.
11. The Council of Europe is well placed for such a debate at international level. All former European communist countries, with the exception of Belarus, are now its members and the protection of human rights and the rule of law are basic values for which it stands.
12. Therefore, the Parliamentary Assembly strongly condemns the massive human rights violations committed by the totalitarian communist regimes and expresses sympathy, understanding and recognition to the victims of these crimes.
13. Furthermore, it calls on all communist or post-communist parties in its member states which have not so far done so to reassess the history of communism and their own past, clearly distance themselves from the crimes committed by totalitarian communist regimes and condemn them without any ambiguity.
14. The Assembly believes that this clear position of the international community will pave the way to further reconciliation. Furthermore, it will hopefully encourage historians throughout the world to continue their research aimed at the determination and objective verification of what took place.
http://assembly.coe.int/Mainf.asp?link=/Documents/AdoptedText/ta06/Eres1481.htm(http://www.dajiyuan.com)
